Page 7 - Mines and Minerals Reporter eMagazine - Volume December 2024

MINING GROWTH

compared to output, indicating that the locals in the mining to a variety of negative effects on the environment and way of
region have not seen a considerable rise in income. In mining- life. The article is based on secondary data that was taken from
prone areas, the effects of mining such as biodiversity loss, a variety of government papers, records, and prior works. To
deforestation, loss of traditional livelihood and relocation, and analyse the data and support the point, the annual average
land acquisition are more pronounced. growth rate and simple percentage share were employed.
The study's findings show that mining output and value
Keywords: mining, employment, destruction, Odisha, growth have increased over time. In Odisha, the GSVA of the mining
industry has hardly grown and continues to trail behind that
INTRODUCTION of the manufacturing sector. Additionally, it appears that the
state's government exchequer has benefited greatly from the
mining sector's strong performance (in terms of output, value,
As heavy mining occurs in several areas of the state, Orissa's and income) and from its extensive use of mining operations.
lungs are progressively getting smaller. According to a research The employment numbers, however, are not substantial
released in June 2021, between 2010 and 2020, 18,500,000 when compared to output, indicating that the locals in the
trees were felled in Orissa, and over 57000 hectares of forest mining region have not seen a large rise in income. In mining-
area were converted for non-forestry uses. Mining is the prone areas, the effects of mining—such as biodiversity loss,
practice of removing valuable resources from the soil using deforestation, loss of traditional livelihood and relocation, and
essentially two methods: surface mining and underground land acquisition are more pronounced.
mining. Mining may undeniably contribute to the economic
growth of a region if it is carried out correctly, responsibly, The state government reported record revenue of over 13,200
and with consideration for the environment. India's economy crores during the 2020–21 fiscal years, mostly due to mining
and international trade are directly impacted by the mines earnings, according to a story in The Times of India. The
in Orissa. Thanks to Orissa mines, steel production in India is government had included mining as one of the key services
anticipated to rise significantly by 2031, contributing around when the lockdown was put into place, recognising the
2.1 percent to the nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and significance of the industry. Therefore, responsible mining
it is anticipated to surpass three percent in the following ten is the only workable answer in an area where mining has
years. In addition to iron and steel, other minerals from Orissa's great significance. Following environmental regulations might
mines have the potential to totally transform India's economy. safeguard Orissa's scarce surviving biodiversity.
But it's important to remember the other side of the story.
Mining devastates the surrounding area, damages the forests, Mineral products and mines are placed a top position in
and contaminates lakes and rivers. Additionally, it results in contemporary world where this sector helps to create
"acid mine drainage," a sort of pollution that severely harms employment and uplift the economic development of an
aquatic plants and animals by causing the sulphides created economy. Mineral extraction is most perilous process for
by mining to dissolve in precipitation. The dumping of mine human life and other habitats on the earth. The impact of
waste might result in severe toxic metal water contamination mineral extraction can be positive and negative, direct and
in addition to acid mine drainage. If hazardous metals from indirect impact on social, economic and health for living beings
mine waste, including arsenic and mercury, are dumped into especially mine workers. There are some rules and regulations
surrounding waterways, they endanger both human and
animal health. Excessive mining causes sinkholes, erosion,
biodiversity loss, and groundwater, stream, and lake pollution,
among other things. Due to an increase in air pollution caused
by mining in Orissa, hundreds of people's healths have been
negatively impacted.

Odisha is endowed with many natural resources including
Minerals, forests, marine life, and water. One of India's top
states for producing precious minerals including chromites,
nickel ore, coal, bauxite, iron ore, and manganese is Odisha.
An estimated 30 per cent of the state's territory is covered
in woods, which also serve as habitat and a source of food
for the state's growing tribal population and are home to
abundant mineral resources and biodiversity hotspots. The
purpose of this essay is to examine the existing state and
probable future development of various extractive industry
features. While doing so, the sector significantly contributes

DECEMBER 2024 / MINES & MINERALS REPORTER 5